True, it is a slow night, but I thought some might find this of interest. It is an email that I received (obviously not personal) that I have copied in full and have added links to the books mentioned for those who might like to read them. For those who are unaware this pertains to the theory that China discovered the Americas in 1421 – suggested by Gavin Menzies (coast-to-coast interview). Here is a better video that was originally done by, I think, Discovery Channel.
Charlotte Harris Rees wrote:
“I am certainly in favor of the Library of Congress publicly displaying old Asian maps. For too long their collection has been kept in the vault. On January 12, 2010 they started displaying a 1602 map in Chinese http://www.loc.gov/index.html. What angers me is that the Library of Congress is touting this as “The First Map in Chinese Showing the Americas” – especially when they know better. I believe that this is part of their effort to hide from the public that there are pre-Columbian Asian maps of the Americas.
In 2003 and once since then I, as part of a small group, was shown a map in the vault of the map division of the Library of Congress. That map has both Asian and European style writing on it and shows Asia and parts of N. America including Alaska. The map division told us then that the map was carbon dated to late 14th century. Despite the fact that they have owned that map at least 50 years, the Library of Congress has ignored repeated requests from various sources for them to either fully verify it or deny its veracity.
Furthermore, my family owns the Dr. Hendon Harris, Jr. Map Collection. These are Tian Xia (Ch’anhado) maps and show both North and South America. For the past seven years I have researched about this style map. My books are endorsed by prestigious scholars and I lecture internationally on this topic.
In 2007 the Library of Congress co-authored Cartographia: Mapping Civilizations and in that book recognized the Ch’onhado as a genuine world map but dated it 1592. That text does not explain how they arrived at that date – which ironically is exactly 100 years after Columbus.
At that time I wrote a pleasant e-mail to the Chief of the Geography and Maps Division, who had previously answered all my e-mails and to whom I have given copies of my books, asking why in choosing a date for the Ch’onhado they had ignored the reputable text Old Maps of Korea by Korean Library Science Research Institute (which is found in his division). That book states that the Ch’anhado was old in 1402 when they introduced the Kangnido. (The Ch’anhado is written in Chinese.) In addition, in 1947 Imago Mundi Japanese scholar, Dr. Hiroshi Nakamura, contended the Ch’anhado was Chinese in origin and was in existence at least by the 7th century. Furthermore, Dr. Joseph Needham of Cambridge quoted a Chinese text from the third century that mentioned an incident involving that style map in the 18th century B.C. Since then my e-mails to this chief are unanswered.
I had spoken at the Library of Congress in 2005 and was invited to speak there again in 2008 after the release of my book Secret Maps of the Ancient World. That speech was advertised on the internet and in Washington, D.C. newspapers but was suddenly cancelled without explanation. My inside sources tell me that the cancellation came from “high up.” (Incidentally, I have since lectured at U. of London; Stanford U.; U. of Maryland; Simon Fraser U., Vancouver, B. C.; and other universities – all with good reviews.)
I have waited years for them to verify the 14th century map. I brushed off the cancellation of my speech by thinking that they must have had a good reason. I also rationalized that since Cartographia: Mapping Civilizations is about many different maps, the Library of Congress might have inadvertently missed information in that text about one. However, now that I have laid the proofs on their lap and yet they are still presenting this Ricci map as the “First Map in Chinese Showing the Americas” I cannot help but conclude that The Library of Congress is purposely hiding evidence that Asians beat Columbus to America.
I would rather live in peace than to start a fight – especially with the Library of Congress, one of the most influential organizations in the world. However, if I do not bring this to light, who will? Sometimes in the lives of all of us we must choose truth over peace.
Charlotte Harris Rees
www.HarrisMaps.com“






{ 38 comments… read them below or add one }
Someone must really like having the second Monday in October off.
Kind of a moot point since the Native Americans were already there for thousands of years and the Vikings had settled in North America a few hundred years before.
Ah, I know the problem: the Native Americans and Vikings didn’t have a flag.
Well done, seokso, well done. Love Eddie Izzard.
I’m thinking there’s be a lot more spitting in the USA if China had discovered it.
Mr. Menzies also wrote a book of the same name ’1421′, about the adventures of the Chinese eunuch admiral.
If the Chinese had done a lot more pillaging, enslaving, killing off the natives and stealing their land, then it would be more obvious that they had indeed discovered the Americas long before the Europeans. Where do you suppose was the origins of Columbus’s maps?
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1421:_The_Year_China_Discovered_the_World#Reception
Trouble with Menzies’ book is that the theory requires great leaps of faith to believe that the 1421 expedition went beyond East Africa. Sure, Chinese sailors reached Northern Australia and beyond, but crossing the Pacific or reaching the Atlantic, not enough evidence.
Menzies’s next book, 1434, states the Chinese arrived in Venice, and in doing s0 sparked the Renaissance. And 1444 shows how the Chinese landed on the moon.
A Chinese map, which clearly shows North and South America, is a 1763 copy of a map made in 1418.
http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/asia-pacific/4609074.stm
“Where do you suppose was the origins of Columbus’s maps? ”
Actually, he most probably used a sextant to navigate west. You don’t need a map to navigate along a specific longitude or latitude.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Celestial_navigation
Don’t forget, he was actually trying to find a direct route to Asia (the Ottoman Empire controlled the existing route) while he unintentionally ended up in America. He actually thought he had arrived in India because he believed Earth was much smaller than it was already known to be.
If he brought maps with him, they probably were copies of the many maps of Asia that were in existence at that time.
Did someone say “maps”?? Why, that’s an excuse to post this!
Youtube
“A Chinese map, which clearly shows North and South America, is a 1763 copy of a map made in 1418.”
A copy or inspired by?
The details of the map suggest it was also based on far more modern map. A forgery is still a forgery, no matter how old it is.
#12
Except in 1763, there was no compelling rationale to make a forgery of a modern map.
#13,
Not necessarily. Is the map pretty?
Did someone say maps? Where’s bevers? frogmouth?
Speaking of gerry, has anyone seen pawi’s album art for gerry bevers’s newest release on his blog? Hilarious. what is it, http://pawikirogii.blogspot.com/ ?
@13 Guru of How Things Were in 1763, can you elaborate?
The Ming followed established trade routes along the coast on the way to Kenya and East Africa. It’s a stretch to then hypothesize that they would have abandoned trade routes and the coastline and set sail across the middle of the Atlantic into the unknown.
Also, we should consider the motive of the voyages, which was to bring back exotic foreigners bearing exotic gifts of tribute to the Ming Emperor – to demonstrate that Yongle enjoyed the Mandate of Heaven, as the ruler of the most powerful Empire on the planet. So, Zheng He would have been tracking down known kingdoms, places known for having interesting or exotic goods or animals. His objective would not have been to explore the world, or to take risky shortcuts to far off destinations.
thanks for the plug, cmm. i hope gerry has a sense of humor. have a good day.
The fact Native Americans lacked immunity to the many diseases they were exposed to after the “discovery” by Europeans is proof that there was long term isolation. That’s probably why they’ve moved from claiming they colonized America during the Shang dynasty to a time that is closer to Columbus’s first trip.
In any case, America was discovered by the ancestors of Native Americans.
At the risk of hijacking my own thread – I thought Pawikirogii’s album art was cute…..I am sure Gerry does have a sense of humor.
#17
There is another Chinese map, made of silk, of Africa, which dates back to 1389.
http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/africa/2446907.stm
This proves that Chinese mariners had passed the Cape of Good Hope more than a hundred years before the Portuguese navigator Vasco de Gama made it a milestone of the European Age of Discovery in the late 15th century.
If the Chinese made it as far as the Cape of Good Hope, there’s no reason to doubt they would have crossed the Atlantic. If Easter Island, being the world’s most isolated place with the nearest neighbor being Pitcairn Island (2000km away), can be settled by Polynesians in canoes, then can the Chinese have reached the Americas? Of course. The Chinese possessed celestial navigation techniques, advanced ocean-worthy shipbuilding technology such as dual hulls and isolated compartments, and they also discovered the compass. Furthermore, Ming Dynasty China was the superpower of the time and Zheng He’s exploits represents the world’s first attempt at organized globalization.
NK, the question would be whether or not the Chinese voyages of discovery sailed into the open seas. We know that they sailed to Africa, but finding Africa was not especially hard since the Chinese must have known of its existence from information via the Silk Road, and sailing along the Asian coast to reach Africa would have been relatively easy . . . compared to sailing across the ocean, whether Pacific or Atlantic.
Jeffery Hodges
* * *
#25
Mr Hodges, what makes this line of inquiry difficult is that most of the records of Zheng He’s treasure ship voyages were destroyed when the Ming dynasty became isolationist and moved to focus resources away from becoming a maritime power to fending off northern barbarians.
So the question of whether the Chinese had reached America is an area of speculation just like the destruction of the Library at Alexandria makes the question of whether the ancient Greeks had developed fantastical mechanical devices an area of speculation.
However, notes on the 18th century map states that it is a copy of an earlier map made in 1418, which coincides with the general time frame of Zheng He’s voyages. It is entirely possible that a copy was made of a Chinese original which had survived the destruction, while incorporating European innovations such as the Mercator Projection. Furthermore, the current controversy did not exist in 1763.
NK, I acknowledge being impressed by the Chinese voyages of discovery, but I’d need more evidence for their discovery of America, especially since I’m not aware that their ships ventured out into the open seas. The possibility exists, of course, but the Pacific is a far vaster ocean to cross than the Atlantic, and even Columbus got lucky in striking land before running out of supplies.
Jeffery Hodges
* * *
Does Kon-Tiki affect your analysis at all, Mr. Hodges?
Jeffery isn’t questioning the capability of the Ming Chinese to have ventured into the open seas, as thekorean and nutizen kim seem to believe (nutizen expressing his conviction by means of his implicitly racist derogation of the Polynesians, i.e., if they could do it, so could the (superior) Chinese), but simply drawing attention to the fact that there is no direct evidence that the Chinese did and that such indirect evidence as there is very inconclusive at best, since it supports any number of (mere) inferences, only one flimsy one of which is that they did so. The best result that a proponent of the claim that the Chinese made it to North America would have to be a “Scottish verdict” — unproven — and hence incapable of providing the sort of emotional satisfaction for which such proponents are desperate.
No, the Kon-Tiki doesn’t change anything for me. Thor Heyerdahl merely showed the possibility that American Indians could have settled Polynesia. Since I’m part Cherokee, I’d be happy to make the claim. Unfortunately, it didn’t happen that way.
Moreover, Heyerdahl knew where he was going and could plan for the voyage. Sailing blind is an entirely different proposition, and I’d be surprised if the Chinese attempted it.
Again, Columbus simply got lucky. If he’d been crossing the Pacific, he wouldn’t have made the distance. Too few supplies.
Jeffery Hodges
* * *
#24,
Here we go again. The first person to sail around the Cape of Good Hope was most probably African thousands of years ago.
#25,
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ibn_Battuta
#29
A sudden and unexpected rash of Political Correctness makes a very awkward and ill-fitting dress on our friend Sperwer…
sorry for my dumb question but…if the Chinese explored America well enough to draw maps of it, wouldn’t be strange they didn’t leave any archeological leftover of their passage ?
SomeGuy (#31), Ibn Battuta was about 800 years ago, and if by “African,” you mean North African Berber . . .
Jeffery Hodges
* * *
Make that about 650 years ago . . .
Jeffery Hodges
* * *
Or perhaps you were referring to Ibn Battuta’s trip to China as confirming my point about the Silk Road? And the African thousands of years ago as reference to a sub-Saharan African?
Apologies if I misunderstood the first time.
Jeffery Hodges
* * *
Feast your eyes:
“‘In olden days, nobody had ever known that there were such places as North and South America or Magellanica. But a hundred years ago, Europeans came sailing in their ships to parts of the sea coast, and so discovered them.”
Text written on a well-known Chinese map that was printed 1602. One of the originals was recently purchased by the Library of Congress.
http://www.mailonsunday.co.uk/sciencetech/article-1242750/Pictured-The-rare-400-year-old-map-shows-China-centre-world.html#ixzz0cYqr6IZp
“sorry for my dumb question but…if the Chinese explored America well enough to draw maps of it, wouldn’t be strange they didn’t leave any archeological leftover of their passage ? ”
Well, some argue that the Olmecs were either Chinese or African…But, I’ve already explained why that is very unlikely (see #21).
Either way, the Americas were still discovered thousands of years ago by the ancestors of Native Americans.
You must log in to post a comment.